Methods and apparatus for supporting frequency division multiplexing of multiple waveforms

ABSTRACT

Aspects of the disclosure relate to methods and apparatus of wireless communication to support frequency division multiplexing (FDM) of multiple waveforms. The methods and apparatus schedule FDM symbols where the scheduling of the FDM symbols is selectively based on one or more waveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols are transmitted. The FDM symbols are then transmitted over the time interval. Further aspects also include the reception of the FDM symbols in a receiver where the waveform parameters are applied for decoding based on the waveform parameters.

PRIORITY CLAIM

This application claims priority to and the benefit of provisional U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 62/481,649 filed in the U.S. Patentand Trademark Office on Apr. 4, 2017, the entire content of which isincorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth below in itsentirety and for all applicable purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The technology discussed herein relates generally to wirelesscommunication systems, and more particularly, to methods and apparatusfor supporting Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) transmissions ofmultiple waveforms, and low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) waveformsin particular.

INTRODUCTION

In particular wireless technologies and standards such as the evolving3GPP 5G New Radio (NR) standard, particular high frequency transmissionwaveforms and protocols have been proposed. For example, NRspecifications are expected to utilize orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (OFDM) as the transmission waveform for downlink (DL)transmissions for enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and for millimeterwave (mmWave) with carrier frequencies less than 40 GHz. However, aseven higher RF carrier frequencies above 40 GHz begin to be utilized,the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of such wireless transmissionsbecomes more important. Thus, it may become advantageous to use otherwaveforms for DL transmissions that afford lower PAPRs at these higherfrequencies, such as Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM(DFT-S-OFDM). Of note, however, frequency division multiplexing (FDM)transmission of multiple low-PAPR waveforms through the same poweramplifier (PA) results in the loss of this PAPR advantage relative toOFDM waveforms.

Accordingly, it may be advantageous to devise new scheduling modes tosupport more efficient FDM transmissions of multiple waveforms.

Definitions

RAT: radio access technology. The type of technology or communicationstandard utilized for radio access and communication over a wireless airinterface. Just a few examples of RATs include GSM, UTRA, E-UTRA (LTE),Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi.

NR: new radio. Generally refers to 5G technologies and the new radioaccess technology undergoing definition and standardization by 3GPP inRelease 15.

Legacy compatibility: may refer to the capability of a 5G network toprovide connectivity to pre-5G devices, and the capability of 5G devicesto obtain connectivity to a pre-5G network.

mmWave: millimeter-wave. Generally refers to high frequency bands above24 GHz, which can provide a very large bandwidth.

Beamforming: directional signal transmission or reception. For abeamformed transmission, the amplitude and phase of each antenna in anarray of antennas may be precoded, or controlled to create a desired(i.e., directional) pattern of constructive and destructive interferencein the wavefront.

MIMO: multiple-input multiple-output. MIMO is a multi-antenna technologythat exploits multipath signal propagation so that theinformation-carrying capacity of a wireless link can be multiplied byusing multiple antennas at the transmitter and receiver to send multiplesimultaneous streams. At the multi-antenna transmitter, a suitableprecoding algorithm (scaling the respective streams' amplitude andphase) is applied (in some examples, based on known channel stateinformation). At the multi-antenna receiver, the different spatialsignatures of the respective streams (and, in some examples, knownchannel state information) can enable the separation of these streamsfrom one another.

1. In single-user MIMO, the transmitter sends one or more streams to thesame receiver, taking advantage of capacity gains associated with usingmultiple Tx, Rx antennas in rich scattering environments where channelvariations can be tracked.2. The receiver may track these channel variations and providecorresponding feedback to the transmitter. This feedback may includechannel quality information (CQI), the number of preferred data streams(e.g., rate control, a rank indicator (RI)), and a precoding matrixindex (PMI).

Massive MIMO: a MIMO system with a very large number of antennas (e.g.,greater than an 8×8 array).

AS: access stratum. A functional grouping consisting of the parts in theradio access network and in the UE, and the protocols between theseparts being specific to the access technique (i.e., the way the specificphysical media between the UE and the radio access network is used tocarry information).

NAS: non-access stratum. Protocols between UE and the core network thatare not terminated in the radio access network.

RAB: radio access bearer. The service that the access stratum providesto the non-access stratum for transfer of user information between a UEand the core network.

Network slicing: a wireless communication network may be separated intoa plurality of virtual service networks (VSNs), or network slices, whichare separately configured to better suit the needs of different types ofservices. Some wireless communication networks may be separatedaccording to eMBB, IoT, and URLLC services.

eMBB: enhanced mobile broadband. Generally, eMBB refers to the continuedprogression of improvements to existing broadband wireless communicationtechnologies such as LTE. eMBB provides for (generally continuous)increases in data rates and increased network capacity.

URLLC: ultra-reliable and low-latency communication. Sometimesequivalently called mission-critical communication. Reliability refersto the probability of success of transmitting a given number of byteswithin 1 ms under a given channel quality. Ultra-reliable refers to ahigh target reliability, e.g., a packet success rate greater than99.999%. Latency refers to the time it takes to successfully deliver anapplication layer packet or message. Low-latency refers to a low targetlatency, e.g., 1 ms or even 0.5 ms (in some examples, a target for eMBBmay be 4 ms).

Duplex: a point-to-point communication link where both endpoints cancommunicate with one another in both directions. Full duplex means bothendpoints can simultaneously communicate with one another. Half duplexmeans only one endpoint can send information to the other at a time. Ina wireless link, a full duplex channel generally relies on physicalisolation of a transmitter and receiver, and interference cancellationtechniques. Full duplex emulation is frequently implemented for wirelesslinks by utilizing frequency division duplex (FDD) or time divisionduplex (TDD). In FDD, the transmitter and receiver at each endpointoperate at different carrier frequencies. In TDD, transmissions indifferent directions on a given channel are separated from one anotherusing time division multiplexing. That is, at some times the channel isdedicated for transmissions in one direction, while at other times thechannel is dedicated for transmissions in the other direction.

OFDM: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. An air interface maybe defined according to a two-dimensional grid of resource elements,defined by separation of resources in frequency by defining a set ofclosely spaced frequency tones or subcarriers, and separation in time bydefining a sequence of symbols having a given duration. By setting thespacing between the tones based on the symbol rate, inter-symbolinterference can be eliminated. OFDM channels provide for high datarates by allocating a data stream in a parallel manner across multiplesubcarriers.

CP: cyclic prefix. A multipath environment degrades the orthogonalitybetween subcarriers because symbols received from reflected or delayedpaths may overlap into the following symbol. A CP addresses this problemby copying the tail of each symbol and pasting it onto the front of theOFDM symbol. In this way, any multipath components from a previoussymbol fall within the effective guard time at the start of each symbol,and can be discarded.

Scalable numerology: in OFDM, to maintain orthogonality of thesubcarriers or tones, the subcarrier spacing is equal to the inverse ofthe symbol period. A scalable numerology refers to the capability of thenetwork to select different subcarrier spacings, and accordingly, witheach spacing, to select the corresponding symbol period and cyclicprefix duration. The symbol period should be short enough that thechannel does not significantly vary over each period, in order topreserve orthogonality and limit inter-subcarrier interference.

RSMA: resource spread multiple access. A non-orthogonal multiple accessscheme generally characterized by small, grantless data bursts in theuplink where signaling over head is a key issue, e.g., for IoT.

QoS: quality of service. The collective effect of service performanceswhich determine the degree of satisfaction of a user of a service. QoSis characterized by the combined aspects of performance factorsapplicable to all services, such as: service operability performance;service accessibility performance; service retainability performance;service integrity performance; and other factors specific to eachservice.

RS: reference signal. A predefined signal known a priori to bothtransmitters and receivers and transmitted through the wireless channel,and used for, among other things, for channel estimation of the wirelesschannel and coherent demodulation at a receiver.

DMRS: Demodulation reference signal. A predefined signal known a priorito both transmitters and receivers and transmitted through the wirelesschannel signal typically in UL transmissions that is used for channelestimation and for coherent demodulation.

CSI-RS: Channel State Information-Reference Signal. A reference signalsent on the DL and used by the UE to estimate the channel and reportchannel quality information (CQI) to the Node B.

pBCH: Physical Broadcast Channel. A broadcast channel used to transmitparameters used for initial access of a cell such as downlink systembandwidth and System Frame Number, and may include the use of a masterinformation block (MIB) to transmit the parameters

PSS/SSS/TSS: Primary Synchronization signal/Secondary Synchronizationsignal/Tertiary Synchronization Signal. Synchronization signals that areused by a UE to acquire a DL signal from an eNB or gNB, and aretypically read prior to reading the pBCH.

Slot: In 5G NR, a slot is defined as a duration of a y number of OFDMsymbols in the numerology used for transmission, where the number y is14 symbols as an example.

Minislot: In 5G NR, a minislot may represent as smallest possiblescheduling unit within a slot and has a support transmission shorterthan a y number of OFDM symbols in the numerology used for transmission.The mini-slot can be used as the basic scheduling unit within the slotand may even be one OFDM symbol.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF SOME EXAMPLES

The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects ofthe present disclosure, in order to provide a basic understanding ofsuch aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of allcontemplated features of the disclosure, and is intended neither toidentify key or critical elements of all aspects of the disclosure norto delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the disclosure. Its solepurpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of thedisclosure in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detaileddescription that is presented later.

According to an aspect, a method of wireless communication is disclosedthat includes scheduling frequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols,wherein the scheduling of the FDM symbols is selectively based on one ormore waveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted. Additionally, the method includes transmitting the FDMsymbols over the time interval.

According to another aspect, an apparatus for wireless communication, isdisclosed. The apparatus includes means for scheduling frequencydivision multiplexed (FDM) symbols, wherein the means for scheduling isconfigured to selectively schedule the FDM symbols based on one or morewaveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted. Further, the apparatus includes means for transmitting theFDM symbols over the time interval.

In yet another aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus forwireless communication is disclosed including a processor, a transceivercommunicatively coupled to the at least one processor; and a memorycommunicatively coupled to the at least one processor. The processor isconfigured to schedule frequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols,wherein the scheduling of the FDM symbols is selectively based on one ormore waveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted. Further, the processor is configured to transmit the FDMsymbols over the time interval with the transceiver.

According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a method ofwireless communication includes receiving in a receiver scheduledfrequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols where the FDM symbols arescheduled selectively based on one or more waveform parameters duringthe time interval when the FDM symbols are transmitted by a transmitter.The method also includes applying the waveform parameters for decodingof FDM symbols in the receiver.

These and other aspects of the invention will become more fullyunderstood upon a review of the detailed description, which follows.Other aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention willbecome apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, upon reviewingthe following description of specific, exemplary embodiments of thepresent invention in conjunction with the accompanying figures. Whilefeatures of the present invention may be discussed relative to certainembodiments and figures below, all embodiments of the present inventioncan include one or more of the advantageous features discussed herein.In other words, while one or more embodiments may be discussed as havingcertain advantageous features, one or more of such features may also beused in accordance with the various embodiments of the inventiondiscussed herein. In similar fashion, while exemplary embodiments may bediscussed below as device, system, or method embodiments it should beunderstood that such exemplary embodiments can be implemented in variousdevices, systems, and methods.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a radio accessnetwork.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of ascheduling entity communicating with one or more scheduled entitiesaccording to some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating organization of wirelessresources in an air interface utilizing orthogonal frequency divisionalmultiplexing (OFDM).

FIG. 4 is a block schematic illustration of a scheduling process blocksin a scheduling entity, Node B, or gNB.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary time-frequencyresource grid showing frequency division multiplexing according toaspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram illustrating another exemplarytime-frequency resource grid showing frequency division multiplexingaccording to aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram illustrating yet anotherexemplary time-frequency resource grid showing frequency divisionmultiplexing according to aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram illustrating still anotherexemplary time-frequency resource grid showing frequency divisionmultiplexing according to aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram illustrating a further exemplarytime-frequency resource grid showing frequency division multiplexingaccording to aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus employing a processing system in ascheduling entity, Node B, or gNB.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an apparatus employing a processing system in ascheduled entity or UE.

FIG. 12 illustrates a flow diagram of an exemplary method according toaspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram of another exemplary method accordingto aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appendeddrawings is intended as a description of various configurations and isnot intended to represent the only configurations in which the conceptsdescribed herein may be practiced. The detailed description includesspecific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understandingof various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled inthe art that these concepts may be practiced without these specificdetails. In some instances, well known structures and components areshown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.

In the following disclosure, the present methods and apparatus providenew scheduling modes to support efficient FDM of multiple waveforms suchas low PAPR waveforms. In particular, the scheduling includesrestriction of the range of possible values, parameters, or factors thatare known to increase the PAPR for frequency division multiplexedmultiple waveforms, as will be discussed in more detail below.

The various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may beimplemented across a broad variety of telecommunication systems, networkarchitectures, and communication standards. Referring now to FIG. 1, asan illustrative example without limitation, a schematic illustration ofa radio access network 100 is provided.

The geographic region covered by the radio access network 100 may bedivided into a number of cellular regions (cells) that can be uniquelyidentified by a user equipment (UE) based on an identificationbroadcasted over a geographical area from one access point or basestation. FIG. 1 illustrates macrocells 102, 104, and 106, and a smallcell 108, each of which may include one or more sectors. A sector is asub-area of a cell. All sectors within one cell are served by the samebase station. A radio link within a sector can be identified by a singlelogical identification belonging to that sector. In a cell that isdivided into sectors, the multiple sectors within a cell can be formedby groups of antennas with each antenna responsible for communicationwith UEs in a portion of the cell.

In general, a base station (BS) serves each cell. Broadly, a basestation is a network element in a radio access network responsible forradio transmission and reception in one or more cells to or from a UE. ABS may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a basetransceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, atransceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set(ESS), an access point (AP), a Node B (NB), an eNode B (eNB), or someother suitable terminology.

In FIG. 1, two high-power base stations 110 and 112 are shown in cells102 and 104; and a third high-power base station 114 is showncontrolling a remote radio head (RRH) 116 in cell 106. That is, a basestation can have an integrated antenna or can be connected to an antennaor RRH by feeder cables. In the illustrated example, the cells 102, 104,and 106 may be referred to as macrocells, as the high-power basestations 110, 112, and 114 support cells having a large size. Further, alow-power base station 118 is shown in the small cell 108 (e.g., amicrocell, picocell, femtocell, home base station, home Node B, homeeNode B, etc.) which may overlap with one or more macrocells. In thisexample, the cell 108 may be referred to as a small cell, as thelow-power base station 118 supports a cell having a relatively smallsize. Cell sizing can be done according to system design as well ascomponent constraints. It is to be understood that the radio accessnetwork 100 may include any number of wireless base stations and cells.Further, a relay node may be deployed to extend the size or coveragearea of a given cell. The base stations 110, 112, 114, 118 providewireless access points to a core network for any number of mobileapparatuses.

FIG. 1 further includes a quadcopter or drone 120, which may beconfigured to function as a base station. That is, in some examples, acell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of thecell may move according to the location of a mobile base station such asthe quadcopter 120.

In general, base stations may include a backhaul interface forcommunication with a backhaul portion of the network. The backhaul mayprovide a link between a base station and a core network, and in someexamples, the backhaul may provide interconnection between therespective base stations. The core network is a part of a wirelesscommunication system that is generally independent of the radio accesstechnology used in the radio access network. Various types of backhaulinterfaces may be employed, such as a direct physical connection, avirtual network, or the like using any suitable transport network. Somebase stations may be configured as integrated access and backhaul (IAB)nodes, where the wireless spectrum may be used both for access links(i.e., wireless links with UEs), and for backhaul links. This scheme issometimes referred to as wireless self-backhauling. By using wirelessself-backhauling, rather than requiring each new base station deploymentto be outfitted with its own hard-wired backhaul connection, thewireless spectrum utilized for communication between the base stationand UE may be leveraged for backhaul communication, enabling fast andeasy deployment of highly dense small cell networks.

The radio access network 100 is illustrated supporting wirelesscommunication for multiple mobile apparatuses. A mobile apparatus iscommonly referred to as user equipment (UE) in standards andspecifications promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP), but may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as amobile station (MS), a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriberunit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wirelessdevice, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobilesubscriber station, an access terminal (AT), a mobile terminal, awireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a terminal, a useragent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology. AUE may be an apparatus that provides a user with access to networkservices.

Within the present document, a “mobile” apparatus need not necessarilyhave a capability to move, and may be stationary. The term mobileapparatus or mobile device broadly refers to a diverse array of devicesand technologies. For example, some non-limiting examples of a mobileapparatus include a mobile, a cellular (cell) phone, a smart phone, asession initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal computer(PC), a notebook, a netbook, a smartbook, a tablet, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), and a broad array of embedded systems, e.g.,corresponding to an “Internet of things” (IoT). A mobile apparatus mayadditionally be an automotive or other transportation vehicle, a remotesensor or actuator, a robot or robotics device, a satellite radio, aglobal positioning system (GPS) device, an object tracking device, adrone, a multi-copter, a quad-copter, a remote control device, aconsumer and/or wearable device, such as eyewear, a wearable camera, avirtual reality device, a smart watch, a health or fitness tracker, adigital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, etc.A mobile apparatus may additionally be a digital home or smart homedevice such as a home audio, video, and/or multimedia device, anappliance, a vending machine, intelligent lighting, a home securitysystem, a smart meter, etc. A mobile apparatus may additionally be asmart energy device, a security device, a solar panel or solar array, amunicipal infrastructure device controlling electric power (e.g., asmart grid), lighting, water, etc.; an industrial automation andenterprise device; a logistics controller; agricultural equipment;military defense equipment, vehicles, aircraft, ships, and weaponry,etc. Still further, a mobile apparatus may provide for connectedmedicine or telemedicine support, i.e., health care at a distance.Telehealth devices may include telehealth monitoring devices andtelehealth administration devices, whose communication may be givenpreferential treatment or prioritized access over other types ofinformation, e.g., in terms of prioritized access for transport ofcritical service data, and/or relevant QoS for transport of criticalservice data.

Within the radio access network 100, the cells may include UEs that maybe in communication with one or more sectors of each cell. For example,UEs 122 and 124 may be in communication with base station 110; UEs 126and 128 may be in communication with base station 112; UEs 130 and 132may be in communication with base station 114 by way of RRH 116; UE 134may be in communication with low-power base station 118; and UE 136 maybe in communication with mobile base station 120. Here, each basestation 110, 112, 114, 118, and 120 may be configured to provide anaccess point to a core network (not shown) for all the UEs in therespective cells. Transmissions from a base station (e.g., base station110) to one or more UEs (e.g., UEs 122 and 124) may be referred to asdownlink (DL) transmission, while transmissions from a UE (e.g., UE 122)to a base station may be referred to as uplink (UL) transmissions. Inaccordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure, the termdownlink may refer to a point-to-multipoint transmission originating ata scheduling entity 202. Another way to describe this scheme may be touse the term broadcast channel multiplexing. In accordance with furtheraspects of the present disclosure, the term uplink may refer to apoint-to-point transmission originating at a scheduled entity 204.

In some examples, a mobile network node (e.g., quadcopter 120) may beconfigured to function as a UE. For example, the quadcopter 120 mayoperate within cell 102 by communicating with base station 110. In someaspects of the disclosure, two or more UE (e.g., UEs 126 and 128) maycommunicate with each other using peer to peer (P2P) or sidelink signals127 without relaying that communication through a base station (e.g.,base station 112).

In the radio access network 100, the ability for a UE to communicatewhile moving, independent of its location, is referred to as mobility.The various physical channels between the UE and the radio accessnetwork are generally set up, maintained, and released under the controlof a mobility management entity (MME). In various aspects of thedisclosure, a radio access network 100 may utilize DL-based mobility orUL-based mobility to enable mobility and handovers (i.e., the transferof a UE's connection from one radio channel to another). In a networkconfigured for DL-based mobility, during a call with a schedulingentity, or at any other time, a UE may monitor various parameters of thesignal from its serving cell as well as various parameters ofneighboring cells. Depending on the quality of these parameters, the UEmay maintain communication with one or more of the neighboring cells.During this time, if the UE moves from one cell to another, or if signalquality from a neighboring cell exceeds that from the serving cell for agiven amount of time, the UE may undertake a handoff or handover fromthe serving cell to the neighboring (target) cell. For example, UE 124(illustrated as a vehicle, although any suitable form of UE may be used)may move from the geographic area corresponding to its serving cell 102to the geographic area corresponding to a neighbor cell 106. When thesignal strength or quality from the neighbor cell 106 exceeds that ofits serving cell 102 for a given amount of time, the UE 124 may transmita reporting message to its serving base station 110 indicating thiscondition. In response, the UE 124 may receive a handover command, andthe UE may undergo a handover to the cell 106.

In a network configured for UL-based mobility, UL reference signals fromeach UE may be utilized by the network to select a serving cell for eachUE. In some examples, the base stations 110, 112, and 114/116 maybroadcast unified synchronization signals (e.g., unified PrimarySynchronization Signals (PSSs), unified Secondary SynchronizationSignals (SSSs) and unified Physical Broadcast Channels (PBCH)). The UEs122, 124, 126, 128, 130, and 132 may receive the unified synchronizationsignals, derive the carrier frequency and slot timing from thesynchronization signals, and in response to deriving timing, transmit anuplink pilot or reference signal. The uplink pilot signal transmitted bya UE (e.g., UE 124) may be concurrently received by two or more cells(e.g., base stations 110 and 114/116) within the radio access network100. Each of the cells may measure a strength of the pilot signal, andthe radio access network (e.g., one or more of the base stations 110 and114/116 and/or a central node within the core network) may determine aserving cell for the UE 124. As the UE 124 moves through the radioaccess network 100, the network may continue to monitor the uplink pilotsignal transmitted by the UE 124. When the signal strength or quality ofthe pilot signal measured by a neighboring cell exceeds that of thesignal strength or quality measured by the serving cell, the network 100may handover the UE 124 from the serving cell to the neighboring cell,with or without informing the UE 124.

Although the synchronization signal transmitted by the base stations110, 112, and 114/116 may be unified, the synchronization signal may notidentify a particular cell, but rather may identify a zone of multiplecells operating on the same frequency and/or with the same timing. Theuse of zones in 5G networks or other next generation communicationnetworks enables the uplink-based mobility framework and improves theefficiency of both the UE and the network, since the number of mobilitymessages that need to be exchanged between the UE and the network may bereduced.

In various implementations, the air interface in the radio accessnetwork 100 may utilize licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, orshared spectrum. Licensed spectrum provides for exclusive use of aportion of the spectrum, generally by virtue of a mobile networkoperator purchasing a license from a government regulatory body.Unlicensed spectrum provides for shared use of a portion of the spectrumwithout need for a government-granted license. While compliance withsome technical rules is generally still required to access unlicensedspectrum, generally any operator or device may gain access. Sharedspectrum may fall between licensed and unlicensed spectrum, whereintechnical rules or limitations may be required to access the spectrum,but the spectrum may still be shared by multiple operators and/ormultiple RATs. For example, the holder of a license for a portion oflicensed spectrum may provide licensed shared access (LSA) to share thatspectrum with other parties, e.g., with suitable licensee-determinedconditions to gain access.

In some examples, access to the air interface may be scheduled, whereina scheduling entity (e.g., a base station) allocates resources forcommunication among some or all devices and equipment within its servicearea or cell. Within the present disclosure, as discussed further below,the scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning,reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more scheduledentities. That is, for scheduled communication, UEs or scheduledentities utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity.

Base stations are not the only entities that may function as ascheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE may function as ascheduling entity, scheduling resources for one or more scheduledentities (e.g., one or more other UEs). In other examples, sidelinksignals may be used between UEs without necessarily relying onscheduling or control information from a base station. For example, UE138 is illustrated communicating with UEs 140 and 142. In some examples,the UE 138 is functioning as a scheduling entity or a primary sidelinkdevice, and UEs 140 and 142 may function as a scheduled entity or anon-primary (e.g., secondary) sidelink device. In still another example,a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a device-to-device (D2D),peer-to-peer (P2P), or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) network, and/or in amesh network. In a mesh network example, UEs 140 and 142 may optionallycommunicate directly with one another in addition to communicating withthe scheduling entity 138.

Thus, in a wireless communication network with scheduled access totime-frequency resources and having a cellular configuration, a P2Pconfiguration, or a mesh configuration, a scheduling entity and one ormore scheduled entities may communicate utilizing the scheduledresources. Referring now to FIG. 2, a block diagram illustrates ascheduling entity 202 and a plurality of scheduled entities 204 (e.g.,204 a and 204 b). Here, the scheduling entity 202 may correspond to abase station 110, 112, 114, and/or 118. In additional examples, thescheduling entity 202 may correspond to a UE 138, the quadcopter 120, orany other suitable node in the radio access network 100. Similarly, invarious examples, the scheduled entity 204 may correspond to the UE 122,124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, and 142, or any othersuitable node in the radio access network 100.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the scheduling entity 202 may broadcasttraffic 206 to one or more scheduled entities 204 (the traffic may bereferred to as downlink traffic). Broadly, the scheduling entity 202 isa node or device responsible for scheduling traffic in a wirelesscommunication network, including the downlink transmissions and, in someexamples, uplink traffic 210 from one or more scheduled entities to thescheduling entity 202. Broadly, the scheduled entity 204 is a node ordevice that receives scheduling control information, including but notlimited to scheduling information (e.g., a grant), synchronization ortiming information, or other control information from another entity inthe wireless communication network such as the scheduling entity 202.

In some examples, scheduled entities such as a first scheduled entity204 a and a second scheduled entity 204 b may utilize sidelink signalsfor direct D2D communication. Sidelink signals may include sidelinktraffic 214 and sidelink control 216. Sidelink control information 216may in some examples include a request signal, such as a request-to-send(RTS), a source transmit signal (STS), and/or a direction selectionsignal (DSS). The request signal may provide for a scheduled entity 204to request a duration of time to keep a sidelink channel available for asidelink signal. Sidelink control information 216 may further include aresponse signal, such as a clear-to-send (CTS) and/or a destinationreceive signal (DRS). The response signal may provide for the scheduledentity 204 to indicate the availability of the sidelink channel, e.g.,for a requested duration of time. An exchange of request and responsesignals (e.g., handshake) may enable different scheduled entitiesperforming sidelink communications to negotiate the availability of thesidelink channel prior to communication of the sidelink trafficinformation 214.

The air interface in the radio access network 100 may utilize one ormore duplexing algorithms Duplex refers to a point-to-pointcommunication link where both endpoints can communicate with one anotherin both directions. Full duplex means both endpoints can simultaneouslycommunicate with one another. Half duplex means only one endpoint cansend information to the other at a time. In a wireless link, a fullduplex channel generally relies on physical isolation of a transmitterand receiver, and suitable interference cancellation technologies. Fullduplex emulation is frequently implemented for wireless links byutilizing frequency division duplex (FDD) or time division duplex (TDD).In FDD, transmissions in different directions operate at differentcarrier frequencies. In TDD, transmissions in different directions on agiven channel are separated from one another using time divisionmultiplexing. That is, at some times the channel is dedicated fortransmissions in one direction, while at other times the channel isdedicated for transmissions in the other direction, where the directionmay change very rapidly, e.g., several times per slot.

The air interface in the radio access network 100 may additionallyutilize one or more multiplexing and multiple access algorithms toenable simultaneous communication of the various devices. For example,5G NR specifications provide multiple access for uplink (UL) or reverselink transmissions from UEs 122 and 124 to base station 110, and formultiplexing for downlink (DL) or forward link transmissions from basestation 110 to one or more UEs 122 and 124, utilizing orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing access (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP).In addition, for UL transmissions, 5G NR specifications provide supportfor discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) with a CP (alsoreferred to as single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA)). However, within the scopeof the present disclosure, multiplexing and multiple access are notlimited to the above schemes, and may be provided utilizing timedivision multiple access (TDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA),frequency division multiple access (FDMA), sparse code multiple access(SCMA), resource spread multiple access (RSMA), or other suitablemultiple access schemes. Further, multiplexing downlink (DL) or forwardlink transmissions from the base station 110 to UEs 122 and 124 may beprovided utilizing time division multiplexing (TDM), code divisionmultiplexing (CDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM), sparse code multiplexing (SCM),or other suitable multiplexing schemes.

In order for transmissions over the radio access network 100 to obtain alow block error rate (BLER) while still achieving very high data rates,channel coding may be used. That is, wireless communication maygenerally utilize a suitable error correcting block code. In a typicalblock code, an information message or sequence is split up into codeblocks (CBs), and an encoder (e.g., a CODEC) at the transmitting devicethen mathematically adds redundancy to the information message.Exploitation of this redundancy in the encoded information message canimprove the reliability of the message, enabling correction for any biterrors that may occur due to the noise.

In 5G NR specifications, user data is coded using quasi-cycliclow-density parity check (LDPC) with two different base graphs: one basegraph is used for large code blocks and/or high code rates, while theother base graph is used otherwise. Control information and the physicalbroadcast channel (PBCH) are coded using Polar coding, based on nestedsequences. For these channels, puncturing, shortening, and repetitionare used for rate matching.

However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that aspectsof the present disclosure may be implemented utilizing any suitablechannel code. Various implementations of scheduling entities 202 andscheduled entities 204 may include suitable hardware and capabilities(e.g., an encoder, a decoder, and/or a CODEC) to utilize one or more ofthese channel codes for wireless communication.

Within the present disclosure, a frame refers to a duration of 10 ms forwireless transmissions, with each frame consisting of 10 subframes of 1ms each. On a given carrier, there may be one set of frames in the UL,and another set of frames in the DL.

Various aspects of the present disclosure will be described withreference to an OFDM waveform, schematically illustrated in FIG. 3. Itshould be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that thevarious aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to an SC-FDMAwaveform in substantially the same way as described herein below. Thatis, while some examples of the present disclosure may focus on an OFDMlink for clarity, it should be understood that the same principles maybe applied as well to SC-FDMA waveforms.

Referring now to FIG. 3, an expanded view of an exemplary DL subframe302 is illustrated, showing an OFDM resource grid. However, as thoseskilled in the art will readily appreciate, the PHY transmissionstructure for any particular application may vary from the exampledescribed here, depending on any number of factors. Here, time is in thehorizontal direction with units of OFDM symbols; and frequency is in thevertical direction with units of subcarriers.

The resource grid 304 may be used to schematically representtime-frequency resources for a given antenna port. That is, in a MIMOimplementation with multiple antenna ports available, a correspondingmultiple number of resource grids 304 may be available forcommunication. The resource grid 304 is divided into multiple resourceelements (REs) 306. An RE, which is 1 subcarrier×1 symbol, is thesmallest discrete part of the time-frequency grid, and contains a singlecomplex value representing data from a physical channel or signal.Depending on the modulation utilized in a particular implementation,each RE may represent one or more bits of information. In some examples,a block of REs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB) ormore simply a resource block (RB) 308, which contains any suitablenumber of consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In oneexample, an RB may include 12 subcarriers, a number independent of thenumerology used. In some examples, depending on the numerology, an RBmay include any suitable number of consecutive OFDM symbols in the timedomain. Within the present disclosure, it is assumed that a single RBsuch as the RB 308 entirely corresponds to a single direction ofcommunication (either transmission or reception for a given device).

A UE generally utilizes only a subset of the resource grid 304. An RBmay be the smallest unit of resources that can be allocated to a UE.Thus, the more RBs scheduled for a UE, and the higher the modulationscheme chosen for the air interface, the higher the data rate for theUE.

In this illustration, the RB 308 is shown as occupying less than theentire bandwidth of the subframe 302, with some subcarriers illustratedabove and below the RB 308. In a given implementation, the subframe 302may have a bandwidth corresponding to any number of one or more RBs 308.Further, in this illustration, the RB 308 is shown as occupying lessthan the entire duration of the subframe 302, although this is merelyone possible example.

Each 1 ms subframe 302 may consist of one or multiple adjacent slots. Inthe example shown in FIG. 3, one subframe 302 includes four slots 310,as an illustrative example. In some examples, a slot may be definedaccording to a specified number of OFDM symbols having the samesubcarrier spacing, and with a given cyclic prefix (CP) length. Forexample, a slot may include 7 or 14 OFDM symbols for the same subcarrierspacing with a nominal CP. Additional examples may include mini-slotshaving a shorter duration (e.g., one or two OFDM symbols). Thesemini-slots may in some cases be transmitted occupying resourcesscheduled for ongoing slot transmissions for the same or for differentUEs.

An expanded view of one of the slots 310 illustrates the slot 310including a control region 312 and a data region 314. In general, thecontrol region 312 may carry control channels (e.g., PDCCH), and thedata region 314 may carry data channels (e.g., PDSCH or PUSCH). Ofcourse, a slot may contain all DL, all UL, or at least one DL portionand at least one UL portion. The simple structure illustrated in FIG. 3is merely exemplary in nature, and different slot structures may beutilized, and may include one or more of each of the control region(s)and data region(s).

Although not illustrated in FIG. 3, the various REs 306 within a RB 308may be scheduled to carry one or more physical channels, includingcontrol channels, shared channels, data channels, etc. Other REs 306within the RB 308 may also carry pilots or reference signals, includingbut not limited to a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) a channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS), or a sounding referencesignal (SRS). These pilots or reference signals may provide for areceiving device to perform channel estimation of the correspondingchannel, which may enable coherent demodulation/detection of the controland/or data channels within the RB 308.

In a DL transmission, the transmitting device (e.g., the schedulingentity 202) may allocate one or more REs 306 (e.g., within a controlregion 312) to carry DL control information 208 including one or more DLcontrol channels, such as a PBCH; a PSS; a SSS; a physical controlformat indicator channel (PCFICH); a physical hybrid automatic repeatrequest (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH); and/or a physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH), etc., to one or more scheduled entities 204.The PCFICH provides information to assist a receiving device inreceiving and decoding the PDCCH. The PDCCH carries downlink controlinformation (DCI) including but not limited to power control commands,scheduling information, a grant, and/or an assignment of REs for DL andUL transmissions. The PHICH carries HARQ feedback transmissions such asan acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK). HARQ is atechnique well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art, wherein theintegrity of packet transmissions may be checked at the receiving sidefor accuracy, e.g., utilizing any suitable integrity checking mechanism,such as a checksum or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). If the integrityof the transmission confirmed, an ACK may be transmitted, whereas if notconfirmed, a NACK may be transmitted. In response to a NACK, thetransmitting device may send a HARQ retransmission, which may implementchase combining, incremental redundancy, etc.

In an UL transmission, the transmitting device (e.g., the scheduledentity 204) may utilize one or more REs 306 to carry UL controlinformation 212 including one or more UL control channels, such as aphysical uplink control channel (PUCCH), to the scheduling entity 202.UL control information may include a variety of packet types andcategories, including pilots, reference signals, and informationconfigured to enable or assist in decoding uplink data transmissions. Insome examples, the control information 212 may include a schedulingrequest (SR), i.e., request for the scheduling entity 202 to scheduleuplink transmissions. Here, in response to the SR transmitted on thecontrol channel 212, the scheduling entity 202 may transmit downlinkcontrol information 208 that may schedule resources for uplink packettransmissions. UL control information may also include HARQ feedback,channel state feedback (CSF), or any other suitable UL controlinformation.

In addition to control information, one or more REs 306 (e.g., withinthe data region 314) may be allocated for user data or traffic data.Such traffic may be carried on one or more traffic channels, such as,for a DL transmission, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH); orfor an UL transmission, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). Insome examples, one or more REs 306 within the data region 314 may beconfigured to carry system information blocks (SIBs), carryinginformation that may enable access to a given cell.

The channels or carriers described above and illustrated in FIGS. 2 and3 are not necessarily all the channels or carriers that may be utilizedbetween a scheduling entity 202 and scheduled entities 204, and those ofordinary skill in the art will recognize that other channels or carriersmay be utilized in addition to those illustrated, such as other traffic,control, and feedback channels.

These physical channels described above are generally multiplexed andmapped to transport channels for handling at the medium access control(MAC) layer. Transport channels carry blocks of information calledtransport blocks (TB). The transport block size (TBS), which maycorrespond to a number of bits of information, may be a controlledparameter, based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and thenumber of RBs in a given transmission.

As discussed above, for DL transmissions at frequencies greater thanabout 40 GHz, it may be advantageous to consider the use of waveformsother than OFDM, since at these high frequencies, the relatively highPAPR of the OFDM waveform can be disadvantageous. One exemplary waveformwith a low PAPR relative to OFDM is DFT-S-OFDM. However, to maintain thecapability of multiplexing DL transmissions for large numbers of users,even when utilizing a waveform such as DFT-S-OFDM, the capability tofrequency-division multiplex (FDM) multiple such low-PAPR waveforms isdesired.

When frequency division multiplexed waveforms are amplified by separatepower amplifiers (PAs), there is no PAPR impact as each PA only sees thePAPR of its input. As mentioned before, however, when an FDMtransmission of multiple low PAPR waveforms is input to the same poweramplifier (PA), this results in the loss of the PAPR advantage affordedby such waveforms (e.g., DFT-S-OFDM waveforms), causing an increase inthe PAPR. This increase is detrimental as the PAPR increase results inthe need for larger PA backoff to avoid PAsaturation/distortion/clipping, which reduces the likelihood that UEsnear the cell edge will accurately receive/decode such signals.

It is further recognized that the amount of the PAPR increase may dependon several factors. A first factor is the number of frequency divisionmultiplexed waveforms, where greater numbers correlate to greater PAPRincreases. Other factors affecting the PAPR are the rank, modulationorder, and bandwidth of each waveform. Yet others factors affecting PAPRinclude the frequency separation between the frequency divisionmultiplexed waveforms, and the exact waveforms being frequency divisionmultiplexed, where some may adversely affect the PAPR and others maynot. As an example, for fixed sequences used for Reference Signals (RS),such as DMRS, specific choices of the sequences as a function of thefrequency separation may still preserve the low PAPR property. Yetanother factor for which parameter restriction may be helpful involvesthe scenario of OFDM symbols carrying a synchronization channel, as anexample, where the symbols may have a different or variablecyclic-prefix duration compared to those symbols carrying data. Thus,the amount of inter-symbol interference may be different on these tworespective types of symbols.

Accordingly, the present structures and methods provide a scheduling ofFDM for multiple waveforms (e.g., low PAPR waveforms) that maintains,reduces, or best minimizes the PAPR. In a particular aspect, thisscheduling includes restricting or limiting the range of possible valuesor occurrences of those parameters discussed above for a time durationover which FDM transmissions occur, such as in relation to transmissiontime intervals (TTIs) or similar transmission duration intervalnomenclatures that may be adopted for NR and other 5G systems. It isalso noted here that for NR and other 5G systems, a TTI may be a slot ora minislot.

An exemplary block schematic shown in FIG. 4 illustrates an apparatus orarrangement 400 implementable within a Node B or gNB that effectuatesscheduling, including FDM scheduling, and further that may implement thescheduling to account for and restrict FDM based on parameters andfactors as discussed above. As illustrated, the apparatus 400 includesan Radio Link Control (RLC) 402 that interfaces with upper layers in theNode B or gNB and controls the MAC layer multiplexing as illustrated byblock 406. A scheduler 404 inputs controls/restrictions to themultiplying controller 406 and may implement the various FDMrestrictions or controls and FDM schemes as discussed herein. Finally,the apparatus includes a physical layer (PHY) processing, which includesthe PA in an RF section (not shown) of the Node B.

In one aspect, the parameter restriction may be performed over a wholeTTI. For example, a Node B or gNB scheduler may be configured toschedule a lower rank for the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)in a slot when two UEs are frequency division multiplexed. Of furthernote here, with such gNB scheduler implementations, this scheduled lowerrank may be transparent to UEs, meaning that the UE does not need toknow about other frequency division multiplexed UEs, thus not increasingUE complexity or giving rise to the need for any further signaling tothe UE.

According to another aspect, the gNB scheduler may restrict the variousparameters on a partial TTI basis. Concerning partial TTI scheduling, itis noted that the frequency division multiplexed UEs may have differentminislot partitioning, and only a portion of assigned OFDM symbols inthe TTI or slot (i.e., some minislots) will have FDM overlap. In aparticular aspect, the present methods and apparatus may employ a finerminislot partitioning where each partition (i.e., one or more minislots)becomes effectively like a whole-TTI case. FIG. 5 illustrates atime-frequency resource grid of a portion of frame (e.g., a subframe502) that illustrates an example of a different or alternate minislotpartitioning. In this example, it is assumed that a first UE (UE1)utilizes or is assigned symbols 2-7 (i.e., symbols S2 through S7) over afirst subcarrier group 504 and a second UE (UE2) utilizes symbols 5-10(i.e., symbols S5 through S10) over a second subcarrier group 506) of a14 symbol subframe 502. As may be seen in FIG. 5, this schedulingresults in an overlap 507 between UE1 and UE2 over symbols 5-7 (i.e.,symbols S5-S7). In this case, at least three (3) minislots may bedefined with a first minislot 508 consisting of symbols S2-S4, a secondminislot 510 consisting of symbols S5-S7 (i.e., the FDM overlappingsymbols), and a third minislot 512 consisting of symbols S8-S10.According to the present methodology, the second minislot 510 would bescheduled with restricted parameters to account for the FDM overlap 507.

In example of FIG. 5, there is a possibility for the need for higherscheduling overhead to schedule more minislots. Also, if each minislothas its own DMRS, there will be an associated higher RS overhead and,thus, a need for a way to share the RS across these minislots in orderto mitigate the overhead. Additionally, the example of FIG. 5 may alsogive rise to a coding gain loss due to independently encoded smallerpackets. Accordingly, in other aspects the disclosed parameterrestriction may be used only for OFDM symbols suffering from FDMoverlap. In this example, finer minislot partitioning is used, but isdone so with a shared RS (e.g., DMRS) and joint encoding across theminislots. Here in this example the Downlink Control Information (DCI)grant signals overlapping OFDM symbols and restricted parameters forthose overlapping symbols. According to still a further aspect, a set ofpossible configurations of overlapping symbols and/or parameterrestriction rules could be Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaled and theDCI could contain an index indicating at least one out of the set ofpossible configurations. Also, the DMRS used may be different dependingon the nature of FDM overlap.

Particular uses of the present methodology may include the instancewhere the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) has a short timeduration (e.g., 1 or 2 OFDM symbols), as well as a smaller frequencybandwidth that is, in turn, scheduling a larger frequency bandwidthPhysical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) immediately following in time.FIG. 6 illustrates this example showing that a PDCCH channel 602 occursprior in time to a PDSCH channel 604, which is shown as having a timeduration of two OFDM symbols (e.g., S2 and S3), as merely one example.An unused portion of the bandwidth 606 that exists during the PDCCHduration over slots S2 and S3 can be used for frequency divisionmultiplexing a portion 608 of the PDSCH to a same UE or, alternatively,to other UEs. FIG. 6 is merely one example where the later occurringPDSCH portion 604 is illustrated as being larger in terms of both timeduration (e.g., greater than two symbols) and frequency (e.g., using theentire bandwidth illustrated in the “y” dimension). It is noted,however, that the present disclosure is not limited to such a scenario.For example, in other aspects of the present disclosure the bandwidth ofthe later occurring PDSCH portion 604 may be the same bandwidth as thePDSCH portion 608 frequency division multiplexed with the PDCCH 602. Inyet a further aspect, the PDSCH portion 604 may also be a shorter timeduration than the PDSCH portion 608 frequency division multiplexed withthe PDCCH 602 (e.g., the PDSCH portion 604 may be one symbol duration).

Another use case may involve a synchronization channel (i.e., a Synchchannel, which includes one or more of PSS, SSS, and the pBCH) andSynchronization Signal (SS) blocks and the PDSCH, where parameterrestriction is performed on a per SS block basis. Since in NR 5G, forexample, it has been proposed that the Synch channel is beam-swept, eachbeam has a Synchronization Signal (SS) block for each of an m number ofbeam sweep directions. As an illustration of this use case, FIG. 7 showone or more PDSCH channels 702 that may be respectively frequencydivision multiplexed on each beam, i.e., with each SS block 704. Inparticular, a PDSCH channel 702 a is frequency division multiplexed witha corresponding SS block 0 (i.e., SS block 704 a) during the time slotsof the SS block (e.g., S2 and S3), a PDSCH channel 702 b is frequencydivision multiplexed with a corresponding SS block 1 (i.e., SS block 704b) during the time slots of the SS block (e.g., S4 and S5), and so forthfor each of the m number of beam sweep locations.

It is noted that in an aspect of the example of FIG. 7, the PDSCH oneach beam may need its own FDM DMRS. Thus, in this case it may be moredesirable to treat each frequency division multiplexed synch channel SSblock and the restricted PDSCH as a distinct TTI, which in this case isthe time duration of one beam. Thus, application of the presentmethodology of restricting parameters could then include essentiallyrestricting parameters based on a whole or entire TTI basis, as wasdiscussed previously. In another aspect, a TTI may also span multiplebeams with joint coding across all beams where each beam has its ownDMRS. There may also be a use case where a separate RS or DMRS is notneeded, where last beam in the sweep (i.e., the m^(th) SS block) is thesame as that used for the PDSCH that immediately follows. This situationwould then be similar to the case of frequency division multiplexedPDCCH and PDSCH channels as discussed above.

In yet another use scenario, the present methodology may be applied to acase where the Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) maybe Frequency Division multiplexed with the PDSCH. In certain cases,CSI-RS is not beam-swept, and frequency division multiplexing of thePDSCH and PDCCH with the CSI-RS would be situation could be similar toexample discussed above with respect to FIG. 6. FIG. 8 provides anillustration of such an example with the CSI-RS being frequencymultiplexed with the PDCCH in the unused bandwidth 804.

In more typical cases, the CSI-RS will be beam-swept similar to thesynch channel as was illustrated in the example of FIG. 7. Thus, FIG. 9provides an illustration of one example of CSI-RS (e.g., 902) frequencydivision multiplexed with the PDSCH for each beam sweep alsocorresponding with each SS block. It is noted that the CSI-RS signal andSS blocks are shown over two symbols, but the disclosure is not limitedto such, for example, the CSI-RS or the SS blocks or both may be onlyover one symbol, or alternatively over more than two symbols. It isnoted that although FIG. 9 illustrates an example where the SS blocksare frequency division multiplexed with CSI-RS and the PDSCH (i.e.,PDSCH+SS+CSI-RS), the present disclosure contemplates various othercombinations such as frequency division multiplexed with the SS(PDSCH+SS) as illustrated in FIG. 7. Further combinations may includethe PDSCH frequency division multiplexed with the CSI-RS (PDSCH+CSI-RS),which is not specifically illustrated herein.

It is also noted that the disclosed parameter restriction may be usefulto not only minimize the PAPR increase resulting from FDM, but also toaccount for increased inter-symbol interference on symbols using asmaller cyclic prefix duration, for example. The restricted parametervalues may implicitly depend on the cyclic prefix durations in use inthe first symbol and the later symbols. This applies not only to theabove-discussed cases of the synch channel, but also to PDCCH or CSI-RSas well. Due to numerology considerations, it is possible for example,that the first OFDM symbol in certain ‘regular’ slots (i.e., slots thatare not synch-channel slots) has a longer cyclic prefix.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for a scheduling entity 1000 employing a processingsystem 1014. For example, the scheduling entity 1000 may be a userequipment (UE) as illustrated in any one or more of FIGS. 1 and 2. Inanother example, the scheduling entity 1000 may be a base station asillustrated in any one or more of FIGS. 1 and 2.

The scheduling entity 1000 may be implemented with a processing system1014 that includes one or more processors 1004. Examples of processors1004 include microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signalprocessors (DSPs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmablelogic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardwarecircuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the variousfunctionality described throughout this disclosure. In various examples,the scheduling entity 1000 may be configured to perform any one or moreof the functions described herein. That is, the processor 1004, asutilized in a scheduling entity 1000, may be used to implement any oneor more of the processes and procedures described herein.

In this example, the processing system 1014 may be implemented with abus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1002. The bus 1002may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending onthe specific application of the processing system 1014 and the overalldesign constraints. The bus 1002 communicatively couples togethervarious circuits including one or more processors (represented generallyby the processor 1004), a memory 1005, and computer-readable media(represented generally by the computer-readable medium 1006). The bus1002 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources,peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, whichare well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described anyfurther. A bus interface 1008 provides an interface between the bus 1002and a transceiver 1010. The transceiver 1010 provides a communicationinterface or means for communicating with various other apparatus over atransmission medium. Depending upon the nature of the apparatus, a userinterface 1012 (e.g., keypad, display, speaker, microphone, joystick)may also be provided.

In some aspects of the disclosure, the processor 1004 may includecircuitry 1040 configured for various functions, including, for example,FDM parameter control or restriction. For example, the circuitry 1040may be configured to implement one or more of the functions describedherein in relation to FIGS. 4-9, as well as FIG. 12 including, e.g.,block 1202. Processor 1004 may also include circuitry 1042 configuredfor determining the time basis for the FDM parameter control orrestriction, such as was discussed previously and illustrated inconnection with FIGS. 4-9.

The processor 1004 is responsible for managing the bus 1002 and generalprocessing, including the execution of software stored on thecomputer-readable medium 1006. The software, when executed by theprocessor 1004, causes the processing system 1014 to perform the variousfunctions described below for any particular apparatus. Thecomputer-readable medium 1006 and the memory 1005 may also be used forstoring data that is manipulated by the processor 1004 when executingsoftware.

One or more processors 1004 in the processing system may executesoftware. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions,instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs,subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications,software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threadsof execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to assoftware, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware descriptionlanguage, or otherwise. The software may reside on a computer-readablemedium 1006. The computer-readable medium 1006 may be a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium. A non-transitory computer-readable mediumincludes, by way of example, a magnetic storage device (e.g., hard disk,floppy disk, magnetic strip), an optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (CD)or a digital versatile disc (DVD)), a smart card, a flash memory device(e.g., a card, a stick, or a key drive), a random access memory (RAM), aread only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM(EPROM), an electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), a register, a removabledisk, and any other suitable medium for storing software and/orinstructions that may be accessed and read by a computer. Thecomputer-readable medium may also include, by way of example, a carrierwave, a transmission line, and any other suitable medium fortransmitting software and/or instructions that may be accessed and readby a computer. The computer-readable medium 1006 may reside in theprocessing system 1014, external to the processing system 1014, ordistributed across multiple entities including the processing system1014. The computer-readable medium 1006 may be embodied in a computerprogram product. By way of example, a computer program product mayinclude a computer-readable medium in packaging materials. Those skilledin the art will recognize how best to implement the describedfunctionality presented throughout this disclosure depending on theparticular application and the overall design constraints imposed on theoverall system.

In one or more examples, the computer-readable storage medium 1006 mayinclude software 1052 configured for various functions, including, forexample FDM parameter control or restriction. For example, the software1052 may be configured to implement one or more of the functionsdescribed above in relation to FIGS. 4-9 and FIG. 12, including, e.g.,block 1202. Furthermore, medium 1006 may include FDM parameter controltime basis determination instructions 1054 to cause the processor 1004to further determine the time basis for FDM restriction as illustratedin FIGS. 4-9, for example.

In an aspect, the computer-readable storage medium 1006 may constitute anon-transitory computer-readable medium for storing computer-executablecode. The code may be configured to cause a computer or processor toschedule frequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols, wherein thescheduling of the FDM symbols is selectively based on one or morewaveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted. Additionally, the code may be configured to cause acomputer or processor to transmit the FDM symbols over the timeinterval. Additionally, the scheduling of the FDM symbols based on theone or more parameters may include restricting a range of possiblevalues of the one or more parameters for the time interval over whichFDM transmissions occur.

In a further aspect, the computer-readable medium 1006 may also includecode for causing a computer to restrict a range of possible values ofthe one or more parameters for a time duration equal to an entireduration of transmission including one or more of a transmission timeinterval (TTI), a slot, a plurality of minislots, a minislot, orportions thereof. The one or more parameters may include one or more ofa number of waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed, a rank ofone or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed, a modulationorder of one or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed, thebandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed, frequency separation between at least two of the waveformsto be frequency division multiplexed, the numerologies of one or morewaveforms to be frequency division multiplexed, or the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed.

In still a further aspect, the computer-readable medium 1006 may beconfigured to cause a computer to schedule frequency divisionmultiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH)with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) during a time durationof the PDCCH occurring prior in time to a later portion of the PDSCH andincluding restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for the time duration of the PDCCH. In other aspects, thecode may cause a computer to schedule frequency division multiplexing ofa portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with one of: (a)a synchronization signal (SS) block during at least a portion of thetime duration of the SS block; or (b) a Channel StateInformation-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion of thetime duration of the CSI-RS.

FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for an exemplary scheduled entity 1100 employing aprocessing system 1114. In accordance with various aspects of thedisclosure, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combinationof elements may be implemented with the processing system 1114 thatincludes one or more processors 1104. For example, the scheduled entity1100 may be a user equipment (UE) as illustrated in any one or more ofFIGS. 1 and 2.

The processing system 1114 may be substantially the same as theprocessing system 1014 illustrated in FIG. 10, including a bus interface1108, a bus 1102, memory 1105, a processor 1104, and a computer-readablemedium 1106. Furthermore, the scheduled entity 1100 may include a userinterface 1112 and a transceiver 1110 substantially similar to thosedescribed above in FIG. 10. That is, the processor 1104, as utilized ina scheduled entity 1100, may be used to implement any one or more of theprocesses described below and illustrated in FIG. 9.

In some aspects of the disclosure, the processor 1104 may includecircuitry 1140 configured for various functions, including, for example,decoding FDM waveforms. Additionally, medium 1106 include instructionsor code 1152 for causing synch channel waveform selection determinationby the processor 1104, as one example, including decoding FDM waveformsas discussed herein.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method 1200 forscheduling frequency division multiplexing (FDM) symbols. Method 1200includes including restricting, limiting or controlling parameters inaccordance with some aspects of the present disclosure. Some or allillustrated features may be omitted in a particular implementationwithin the scope of the present disclosure, and some illustratedfeatures may not be required for implementation of all embodiments. Insome examples, the process 1200 may be carried out by the schedulingentity 1000 illustrated in FIG. 10. In some examples, the process 1200may be carried out by any suitable apparatus or means for carrying outthe functions or algorithm described below.

At block 1202, method 1200 includes scheduling frequency divisionmultiplexed (FDM) symbols based on one or more waveform parametersduring a time interval when the FDM symbols are transmitted. Althoughshown as a separate alternative process, process 1202 may furtherinclude restricting or limiting a range of possible values of the one ormore parameters for the time interval over which FDM transmissionsoccur. According to another aspect, method 1200 may also includedetermining a time duration or time interval in which the restricting orlimiting of parameters is effectuated. In an example, the one or moreparameters may include, but are not limited to: (a) a number ofwaveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (b) a rank of one ormore waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (c) a modulationorder of one or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (d)the bandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (e) frequency separation between at least two of thewaveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (f) the numerologies(e.g., subcarrier spacing or cyclic prefix or both) of one or morewaveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (g) the physicalchannels carried by the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed;or (h) the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed.

Furthermore, method 1200, and process 1204, in particular, may includerestricting the range of possible values of the one or more parametersfor a time duration equal to an entire duration of transmissionincluding one or more of a transmission time interval (TTI), a slot, aplurality of minislots, or a minislot. In other aspects, method 1200 mayinclude restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for a time duration equal to at least a portion of a durationof transmission including a portion of an entire transmission timeinterval (TTI), a portion of a slot, or a portion of a plurality ofminislots.

Method 1200 may also include determining an alternate minislotpartitioning of the plurality into two or more minislot groupings for aplurality of minislots, wherein limiting or restricting the range ofpossible values of the one or more parameters is only performed forminislot groupings where FDM overlapping of symbols occurs, as wasillustrated in FIG. 5, as one example. The methodology may furtherinclude signaling at least one of a set of possible configurations ofoverlapping symbols or parameter restriction rules with a Radio ResourceControl (RRC). In yet a further example, signaling of the possibleconfiguration may comprise a Downlink Control Information (DCI) signalthat including an index indicating one out of the set of possibleconfigurations.

In still some other aspects, method 1200 may also include schedulingfrequency division multiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlinkshared channel (PDSCH) with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)during a time duration of the PDCCH occurring prior in time to a laterportion of the PDSCH. This may include restricting a range of possiblevalues of the one or more parameters for the time duration of the PDCCH.In yet another aspect, method 1200 may include scheduling frequencydivision multiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel(PDSCH) with one of: (a) a synchronization signal (SS) block during atleast a portion of the time duration of the SS block; or (b) a ChannelState Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion ofthe time duration of the CSI-RS.

FIG. 13 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method 1300 forreceiving frequency division multiplexing (FDM) symbols, such as FDMsymbols configured and transmitted according to method 1200 disclosed inconnection with FIG. 12. Method 1300 may be implemented in a mobiledevice such as a scheduled entity (e.g., 1100) or a UE receivingscheduled FDM symbols where the FDM symbols are scheduled based on oneor more waveform parameters. In particular, method 1300 includesreceiving scheduled FDM symbols where the FDM symbols are scheduledselectively based on one or more waveform parameters during the timeinterval when the FDM symbols are transmitted as shown in block 1302. Inan aspect, the processes of block 1302 may further include receiving agrant indicating that the signals comprise FDM symbols of multipletransmissions over some portion of the grant.

Additionally, method 1300 includes applying the waveform parameters fordecoding of FDM symbols as shown at block 1304. The scheduling of thewaveform parameters includes restricting a range of possible values ofthe one or more parameters for the time interval over which FDMtransmissions occur. Moreover, the scheduling of the FDM symbolsincludes restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for a time duration equal to an entire duration oftransmission including one or more of a transmission time interval(TTI), a slot, a plurality of slots, a minislot, or a plurality ofminislots.

In an example, the one or more parameters may include, but are notlimited to: (a) a number of waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (b) a rank of one or more waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed; (c) a modulation order of one or more waveforms tobe frequency division multiplexed; (d) the bandwidth of one or more ofthe waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (e) frequencyseparation between at least two of the waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed; (f) the numerologies (e.g., subcarrier spacing orcyclic prefix or both) of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (g) the physical channels carried by the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; or (h) the waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed.

Method 1300 may also include receiving signaling at the receiver of atleast one of a set of possible configurations of overlapping symbols orparameter restriction rules with a Radio Resource Control (RRC). Stillfurther, method 1300 may include scheduled frequency divisionmultiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH)with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) during a time durationof the PDCCH occurring prior in time to a later portion of the PDSCH andincluding restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for the time duration of the PDCCH. Additionally, in anotheraspect the scheduling includes scheduling frequency divisionmultiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH)with one of: (a) a synchronization signal (SS) block during at least aportion of the time duration of the SS block; or (b) a Channel StateInformation-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion of thetime duration of the CSI-RS. Several aspects of a wireless communicationnetwork have been presented with reference to an exemplaryimplementation. As those skilled in the art will readily appreciate,various aspects described throughout this disclosure may be extended toother telecommunication systems, network architectures and communicationstandards.

By way of example, various aspects may be implemented within othersystems defined by 3GPP, such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE), the EvolvedPacket System (EPS), the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System(UMTS), and/or the Global System for Mobile (GSM). Various aspects mayalso be extended to systems defined by the 3rd Generation PartnershipProject 2 (3GPP2), such as CDMA2000 and/or Evolution-Data Optimized(EV-DO). Other examples may be implemented within systems employing IEEE802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB),Bluetooth, and/or other suitable systems. The actual telecommunicationstandard, network architecture, and/or communication standard employedwill depend on the specific application and the overall designconstraints imposed on the system.

Within the present disclosure, the word “exemplary” is used to mean“serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementationor aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to beconstrued as preferred or advantageous over other aspects of thedisclosure. Likewise, the term “aspects” does not require that allaspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage ormode of operation. The term “coupled” is used herein to refer to thedirect or indirect coupling between two objects. For example, if objectA physically touches object B, and object B touches object C, thenobjects A and C may still be considered coupled to one another—even ifthey do not directly physically touch each other. For instance, a firstobject may be coupled to a second object even though the first object isnever directly physically in contact with the second object. The terms“circuit” and “circuitry” are used broadly, and intended to include bothhardware implementations of electrical devices and conductors that, whenconnected and configured, enable the performance of the functionsdescribed in the present disclosure, without limitation as to the typeof electronic circuits, as well as software implementations ofinformation and instructions that, when executed by a processor, enablethe performance of the functions described in the present disclosure.

One or more of the components, steps, features and/or functionsillustrated in herein may be rearranged and/or combined into a singlecomponent, step, feature or function or embodied in several components,steps, or functions. Additional elements, components, steps, and/orfunctions may also be added without departing from novel featuresdisclosed herein. The apparatus, devices, and/or components illustratedin herein may be configured to perform one or more of the methods,features, or steps described herein. The novel algorithms describedherein may also be efficiently implemented in software and/or embeddedin hardware.

It is to be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps inthe methods disclosed is an illustration of exemplary processes. Basedupon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order orhierarchy of steps in the methods may be rearranged. The accompanyingmethod claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order,and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchypresented unless specifically recited therein.

The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in theart to practice the various aspects described herein. Variousmodifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilledin the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied toother aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to theaspects shown herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistentwith the language of the claims, wherein reference to an element in thesingular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specificallyso stated, but rather “one or more.” Unless specifically statedotherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. A phrase referring to“at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of thoseitems, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b,or c” is intended to cover: a; b; c; a and b; a and c; b and c; and a, band c. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of thevarious aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known orlater come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art areexpressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to beencompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein isintended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether suchdisclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. No claim element is tobe construed under the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) unless theelement is expressly recited using the phrase “means for” or, in thecase of a method claim, the element is recited using the phrase “stepfor.”

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication, comprising:scheduling frequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols, wherein thescheduling of the FDM symbols is selectively based on one or morewaveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted; and transmitting the FDM symbols over the time interval. 2.The method of claim 1, wherein scheduling the FDM symbols based on theone or more parameters includes restricting a range of possible valuesof the one or more parameters for the time interval over which FDMtransmissions occur.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:restricting a range of possible values of the one or more parameters fora time duration equal to an entire duration of transmission includingone or more of a transmission time interval (TTI), a slot, a pluralityof slots, a minislot, or a plurality of minislots.
 4. The method ofclaim 2, further comprising: restricting a range of possible values ofthe one or more parameters for a time duration equal to at least aportion of a duration of transmission including a portion of an entiretransmission time interval (TTI), a portion of a slot, a portion of aplurality of minislots, or a portion of a minislot.
 5. The method ofclaim 4, further comprising: for a plurality of minislots, determiningan alternate minislot partitioning of the plurality into two or moreminislot groupings, wherein restricting the range of possible values ofthe one or more parameters is only performed for minislot groupingswhere FDM overlapping of symbols occurs.
 6. The method of claim 1,wherein the one or more parameters includes one or more of: (a) a numberof waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (b) a rank of one ormore waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (c) a modulationorder of one or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (d)the bandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (e) frequency separation between at least two of thewaveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (f) the numerologies ofone or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (g) thephysical channels carried by the waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; or (h) the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed.7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: signaling at least one ofa set of possible configurations of overlapping symbols or parameterrestriction rules with a Radio Resource Control (RRC).
 8. The method ofclaim 7, the signaling further comprising Downlink Control Information(DCI) including an index indicating at least one out of the set ofpossible configurations.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:scheduling frequency division multiplexing of a portion of a PhysicalDownlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a physical downlink control channel(PDCCH) during a time duration of the PDCCH occurring prior in time to alater portion of the PDSCH and including restricting a range of possiblevalues of the one or more parameters for the time duration of the PDCCH.10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: scheduling frequencydivision multiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel(PDSCH) with one of: (a) a synchronization signal (SS) block during atleast a portion of the time duration of the SS block; or (b) a ChannelState Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion ofthe time duration of the CSI-RS.
 11. An apparatus for wirelesscommunication, comprising: means for scheduling frequency divisionmultiplexed (FDM) symbols, wherein the means for scheduling isconfigured to selectively schedule the FDM symbols based on one or morewaveform parameters during a time interval when the FDM symbols aretransmitted; and means for transmitting the FDM symbols over the timeinterval.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the means forscheduling the FDM symbols further includes means for restricting arange of possible values of the one or more parameters for a timeduration over which FDM transmissions occur.
 13. The apparatus of claim12, further comprising: means for restricting a range of possible valuesof the one or more parameters for a time duration equal to an entireduration of transmission including one or more of a transmission timeinterval (TTI), a slot, a plurality of minislots, or a minislot.
 14. Theapparatus of claim 12, further comprising: means for restricting a rangeof possible values of the one or more parameters for a time durationequal to at least a portion of a duration of transmission including aportion of an entire transmission time interval (TTI), a portion of aslot, or a portion of a plurality of minislots.
 15. The apparatus ofclaim 11, wherein the one or more parameters includes one or more of:(a) a number of waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (b) arank of at least one waveform to be frequency division multiplexed; (c)a modulation order of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (d) the bandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; (e) frequency separation between atleast two of the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (f) thenumerologies of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (g) the physical channels carried by the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; or (h) the waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed.
 16. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:means for scheduling frequency division multiplexing of a portion of aPhysical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a physical downlinkcontrol channel (PDCCH) during a time duration of the PDCCH occurringprior in time to a later portion of the PDSCH and including restrictinga range of possible values of the one or more parameters for the timeduration of the PDCCH.
 17. The apparatus of claim 11, furthercomprising: means for scheduling frequency division multiplexing of aportion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with one of: (a) asynchronization signal (SS) block during at least a portion of the timeduration of the SS block; or (b) a Channel State Information-ReferenceSignal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion of the time duration of theCSI-RS.
 18. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: aprocessor; a transceiver communicatively coupled to the at least oneprocessor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least oneprocessor, wherein the processor is configured to: schedule frequencydivision multiplexed (FDM) symbols, wherein the scheduling of the FDMsymbols is selectively based on one or more waveform parameters during atime interval when the FDM symbols are transmitted; and transmit the FDMsymbols over the time interval with the transceiver.
 19. The apparatusof claim 18, wherein the processor is further configured to schedule theFDM symbols based on the one or more parameters including restricting arange of possible values of the one or more parameters for the timeinterval over which FDM transmissions occur.
 20. The apparatus of claim18, wherein the one or more parameters includes one or more of: (a) anumber of waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (b) a rank ofone or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (c) amodulation order of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (d) the bandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; (e) frequency separation between atleast two of the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (f) thenumerologies of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (g) the physical channels carried by the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; or (h) the waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed.
 21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein theprocessor is further configured to schedule frequency divisionmultiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH)with a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) during a time durationof the PDCCH occurring prior in time to a later portion of the PDSCH andincluding restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for the time duration of the PDCCH.
 22. The apparatus ofclaim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to schedulefrequency division multiplexing of a portion of a Physical Downlinkshared channel (PDSCH) with one of: (a) a synchronization signal (SS)block during at least a portion of the time duration of the SS block; or(b) a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) during atleast a portion of the time duration of the CSI-RS.
 23. A method ofwireless communication, comprising: receiving in a receiver scheduledfrequency division multiplexed (FDM) symbols where the FDM symbols arescheduled selectively based on one or more waveform parameters duringthe time interval when the FDM symbols are transmitted by a transmitter;and applying the waveform parameters for decoding of FDM symbols in thereceiver.
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the FDM symbols arescheduled at the transmitter based on the one or more parametersincludes restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for the time interval over which FDM transmissions occur. 25.The method of claim 24, wherein the scheduling of the FDM symbolsincludes restricting a range of possible values of the one or moreparameters for a time duration equal to an entire duration or a portionof a duration of a transmission including one or more of a transmissiontime interval (TTI), a slot, a plurality of slots, a minislot, aplurality of minislots, or a portion of a minislot.
 26. The method ofclaim 23, wherein the one or more parameters includes one or more of:(a) a number of waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (b) arank of one or more waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (c)a modulation order of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (d) the bandwidth of one or more of the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; (e) frequency separation between atleast two of the waveforms to be frequency division multiplexed; (f) thenumerologies of one or more waveforms to be frequency divisionmultiplexed; (g) the physical channels carried by the waveforms to befrequency division multiplexed; or (h) the waveforms to be frequencydivision multiplexed.
 27. The method of claim 23, further comprising:receiving signaling at the receiver of at least one of a set of possibleconfigurations of overlapping symbols or parameter restriction ruleswith a Radio Resource Control (RRC).
 28. The method of claim 23, whereinthe scheduling includes scheduled frequency division multiplexing of aportion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with a physicaldownlink control channel (PDCCH) during a time duration of the PDCCHoccurring prior in time to a later portion of the PDSCH and includingrestricting a range of possible values of the one or more parameters forthe time duration of the PDCCH.
 29. The method of claim 23, wherein thescheduling includes scheduling frequency division multiplexing of aportion of a Physical Downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with one of: (a) asynchronization signal (SS) block during at least a portion of the timeduration of the SS block; or (b) a Channel State Information-ReferenceSignal (CSI-RS) during at least a portion of the time duration of theCSI-RS.